In our citation examples we use the following color coding:
- Red – Author
- Blue – Title of book/article/charter/webpage
- Pink – Date
- Orange – Website/Publisher
- Turquoise – Place of publication
- Green – Title of journal
- Black – Volume/Issue
- Sienna – Pages
- Gray – URL/database/website where the source is retrieved
Full text from a database
It is now a common situation when DOI (Digital Object Identifier) is used instead of the URL when citing various sources found on the World Wide Web and in electronic journals. When citing a journal article, DOIs (https://doi.org/10.000.000) should only be included if they relate to the electronic form of the original source. If there is no DOI, it is acceptable to use the URL leading to the article. If you possess both URL and DOI, always use the latter.
Example:
Bajwa, Junaid, Usman Munir, Aditya Nori, and Bryan Williams. “Artificial Intelligence in
Healthcare: Transforming the Practice of Medicine.” Future Healthcare Journal 8, no. 2 (2021): e188. https://doi.org/10.7861/fhj.2021-0095.
Footnote citation:
1. Junaid Bajwa et al., “Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare: Transforming the Practice
of Medicine,” Future Healthcare Journal 8, no. 2 (2021): e188, https://doi.org/10.7861/fhj.2021-0095.
Full text from a database (no author)
Example:
“Placeholder Prescriptions Undoing Years of Progress in Fight against Antibiotic
Resistance.” British Dental Journal of Higher Education 231, no. 11 (2021): 668.
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41415-021-3748-7.
Footnote citation:
1. “Placeholder Prescriptions Undoing Years of Progress in Fight against Antibiotic
Resistance,” British Dental Journal Chronicle of Higher Education 231, no. 11 (2021): 668,
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41415-021-3748-7.
Full text from a newspaper, newswire (no author)
If there is no author, provide the title of the newspaper followed by the article title in a bibliography. And in a note, start with the title of the article.
Example:
The Exponent. “Lafayette Walmart Remodeled with Community-Inspired Mural.” April 12,
2024. http://www.purdueexponent.org/features/article_6gh3a2814-cd52-5f16-87b3-7c013123133e8f.html.
Footnote citation:
1. “Lafayette Walmart Remodeled with Community-Inspired Mural,” The Exponent,
April 12, 2024, http://www.purdueexponent.org/features/article_6gh3a2814-cd52-5f16-87b3-7c013123133e8f.html.
Full text newspaper/newswire from a database
Example:
Bassi, Margherita. “The Eight Best Bagels in NYC, According to the City’s Bagel
Ambassador.” BBC News, April 14, 2024. EBSCOHost.
Chavkin, Sasha, Caitlin Gilbert, Anjali Tsui, and Anahad O’Connor. “As Obesity Rises, Big
Food and Dietitians Push ‘Anti-Diet’ Advice.” The Washington Post, April 3, 2024.
https://www.washingtonpost.com/wellness/2024/04/03/diet-culture-nutrition-influencers-general-mills-processed-food/.
Footnote citation:
1. Margherita Bassi, “The Eight Best Bagels in NYC, According to the City’s Bagel
Ambassador,” BBC News, April 14, 2024, EBSCOHost.
2. Chavkin, Sasha et al., “As Obesity Rises, Big Food and Dietitians Push ‘Anti-Diet’
Advice,” The Washington Post, April 3, 2024, https://www.washingtonpost.com/wellness/2024/04/03/diet-culture-nutrition-influencers-general-mills-processed-food/.